Optimizing Job Demands and Resources to Enhance Employee Engagement and Organizational Performance

العنوان

NA

Authors

• Ali Shakir Zaidan, School of Management, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, MalaysiaFollow
• Hadeel Kadem Saeed, College of Administration and Economics, University of Baghdad, IraqFollow
• Arash Arianpoor, Department of Accounting, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, IranFollow
• Siraj Razooqi Abbas, Department of Accounting, Wasit of University, Wasit, IraqFollow

أسماء الباحثين باللغة العربية

Ali Shakir Zaidan

Hadeel Kadem Saeed

Arash Arianpoor

Siraj Razooqi Abbas

Abstract

This study examines how Job Demands, resources, satisfaction, work engagement, and firm performance are interrelated using the job demands–resources (JD-R) model. According to this model, job demands are important for organizations, but if they are not balanced by sufficient job resources, they can cause strain and lower satisfaction. By contrast, job resources act as critical enablers, mitigating the adverse effects of demands, promoting job satisfaction, and enhancing employee engagement. By conceptualizing job satisfaction as a mediating variable, the proposed model clarifies how the interplay between demand and resources leads to increased work engagement, which contributes to improved firm performance. This study advances the JD-R literature by linking employee-level attitudes and behaviors to organizational outcomes, offering theoretical insights and practical implications. The findings aim to inform managers and policymakers in developing strategies that balance demands and resources, foster employee satisfaction and engagement, and enhance organizational performance.

Article Language

English

Recommended Citation

Zaidan, Ali Shakir; Saeed, Hadeel Kadem; Arianpoor, Arash; and Abbas, Siraj Razooqi (2026) "Optimizing Job Demands and Resources to Enhance Employee Engagement and Organizational Performance," AUIQ Humanities and Social Sciences: Vol. 2: Iss. 1, Article 7.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.70176/3106-7557.1013
Available at: https://ahss.alayen.edu.iq/journal/vol2/iss1/7